In his book The Blind Watchmaker, even atheist Richard Dawkins agrees that biological systems do in fact appear to be designed, though he still claims they are the result of natural, unplanned processes. Dawkins is responding to William Paley (1743-1805), who argued that the design of the universe requires a designer just as a watch requires a watchmaker. In making his case for the existence of a designer, Paley is echoing the sentiments of many great thinkers who also saw evidence for design in the universe.